Grade 5 Theory: Cadences

A cadence is a musical ending — a combination of chords that brings a phrase, section, or piece of music to a close. It provides a sense of rest, pause, or conclusion, similar to punctuation in written language. They help define the structure and phrasing of a piece by creating points of closure or continuation.Continue reading “Grade 5 Theory: Cadences”

Beyond the Tonic: How Secondary Dominants Shape Music

Ever catch yourself listening to music and thinking, “Wow, that chord sounded amazing”? I’d bet good money—well, at least 90% of the time (completely unscientific, of course)—that what you’re hearing is a secondary dominant. The dominant-to-tonic relationship has been the backbone of Western music since the 1600s, with its delicious mix of tension and release,Continue reading “Beyond the Tonic: How Secondary Dominants Shape Music”

Grade 5 Theory: Intervals

Intervals can be a fiddly topic to get your head around. At Grade 5 theory, you are expected to answer interval questions that are purposefully deceptive. If you learn this topic incorrectly, you will find yourself in a never-ending whirlpool of confusion. I have created this guide to put an end to confusion for musiciansContinue reading “Grade 5 Theory: Intervals”

The Timeless Importance of J.S. Bach

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750) is one of the most influential composers in Western music history. His music has laid the groundwork for countless musicians, spanning genres from classical to jazz. Whether you’re a student, teacher, or performer, engaging with Bach’s music through analysis, listening, and playing isn’t just an academic task—it’s a transformative journey thatContinue reading “The Timeless Importance of J.S. Bach”

How to Improve Your Sight Reading

“Sight reading is terrifying.” At least, this is the phrase I hear from 99% of my students in the early stages of our lessons. Anyone who has completed graded exams as a child will remember the genuine, tangible fear of hearing the examiner say, “let’s begin the sight-reading portion of the exam.” Your palms sweat,Continue reading “How to Improve Your Sight Reading”

The Whole-tone Scale – Intermediate Lesson

The majority of musicians are familiar with a certain catalogue of scales, usually including major, minor, pentatonic, blues and dorian, as they are most commonly used in western music. However, there are countless scales available to us that are lesser known and should be explored to expand our overall knowledge and playing abilities. Examples includeContinue reading “The Whole-tone Scale – Intermediate Lesson”